Intrinsic Value and Its Relationship to Margin of Safety

The purpose of estimating intrinsic value is to take advantage of mis-priced assets. Don’t get discouraged because you feel it’s difficult to determine the intrinsic value of a stock. It is not a science! It is the variables that make up your estimated intrinsic value that are more important than an exact intrinsic value number.

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Portfolio Diversification Definition and Purpose

Portfolio Diversification is a foundational concept in investing. It can be a rather basic and easy to understand concept. However, in its implementation, many investors make catastrophic mistakes with too much concentration and others settle for average performance because of over diversification.
Portfolio diversification is a balance between concentration and over diversification to optimize risk and potential return.

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Altman Z-Score Formula – Screening For Bankruptcy Risk

As value investors, one of our most important rules is to avoid incurring large losses. There are two easy ways to subject yourself to possible large losses; buy stocks for more than they’re worth, and buy stocks of companies that go bankrupt. The Altman Z-Score is a formula of 5 basic financial ratios to help determine the financial health of a company. In particular, it is a probabilistic model to screen for bankruptcy risk of a company.

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